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Список литературы по разделу
С.М. Костенко, И.Б. Борковская, Т.Н. Михельсон, Н.В. Успенская
ПОСОБИЕ
Для научных работников
ПО РАЗВИТИЮ НАВЫКОВ УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Предлагаемое пособие предназначено для развития навыков устной речи в группах аспирантов и научных сотрудников, готовящихся к сдаче кандидатского экзамена по английскому языку и при работе в студенческих группах.
Пособие представляет собой сборник текстов и упражнений к ним и состоит из четырех разделов:
"Biography of a Scientist" (составитель Т. Н. Михельсон); "Scientific Institution" (составитель Н. В. Успенская); "Scientific Gathering" (составитель С. М. Костенко); "Discussing Current Professional Literature" (составитель И. Б. Борковская). Общее руководство работой над пособием осуществляла С. М. Костенко.
Каждый раздел включает несколько оригинальных (неадаптированных, но сокращенных) текстов на данную тему. При их отборе авторы стремились к тому, чтобы каждый текст носил общенаучный характер, достаточно легко пересказывался и был насыщен лексикой, связанной с научной работой. Тексты пособия заимствованы из следующих источников: биографии ученых - из английских и американских энциклопедий; тексты раздела "Scientific Institution" - из американского путеводителя, журнала "Civil Engineering", а текст "Imperial College" - рассказ английского физика о своем колледже, записанный на магнитофон;
тексты раздела "Scientific Gathering" взяты из журнала "Nature"; тексты последнего раздела - из журнала "Endeanour".
Целью упражнений является развитие различных видов речевой деятельности (говорение, письменная речь, восприятие со слуха, перевод). Все упражнения можно подразделить на:
а) упражнения на проверку понимания текстового материала учащимися, б) лексико-грамматические упражнения, в) учебно-коммуникативные упражнения (их подавляющее большинство), г) упражнения на контроль усвоения материала (перевод с русского), д) упражнения (в виде небольших текстов) на развитие понимания английской речи на слух.
Данное пособие выходит 2-м изданием (1-е изд. вышло в 1970 г.). Тексты оставлены без изменений, поскольку они представляют собой основу учебного материала, предназначенного для активного усвоения. Упражнения подверглись весьма значительной переработке. Подавляющее большинство тренировочных упражнений заменено условно-речевыми и речевыми упражнениями, что отвечает принципам современной коммуникативной методики.
======================== PART I ========================
BIOGRAPHY OF A SCIENTIST
Text I
NIELS BOHR (1885-1962)
Bohr is a Danish physicist, one of the most ingenious interpreters of his generation of the problems of modern theoretical physics. Born in Copenhagen on October 7, 1885, he did physics at the University of Copenhagen, obtaining his doctor's degree in 1911 and proceeded immediately to Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge for further study under Sir J. J. Thomson. In 1912 he moved to Manchester University, where he was associated with Ernest Rutherford in the latter's atomic research. In 1914, following a year as lecturer at the University of Copenhagen Bohr returned to Manchester, remaining there until 1916, when he was made professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen.
In 1920, largely due to Bohr's efforts, the Institute of Theoretical Physics was established at Copenhagen. He became its first head and under him the Institute has become an important centre for the development of theoretical and experimental physics. Prior to World War II Bohr's Institute had become the world centre for atomic physics.
Just before World War II, Bohr advanced the idea that the compound nucleus was fundamental to the phenomena of nuclear disintegration, a concept that proved fruitful in later work. In collaboration with John Archibald Wheeler he proposed a theory of nuclear fission that led to atomic research which produced the atomic bomb.
In 1943, after the Nazis had occupied Denmark, Bohr escaped to England in a small boat. Making the way to the United States, he took a leading part in the atomic bomb project, working mainly at the laboratory established in early 1943 at Los Alamos in New Mexico. In 1944-1945 Bohr served as adviser to the Scientific Staff of the Manhatten Project. In 1945 Bohr returned to Copenhagen to resume his duties as director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics.
Bohr's great achievement was recognized internationally by the Nobel prize award to him in 1922 for his study of atomic structure and radiation. In 1957 he was of the Atoms for Peace award. That same year at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he delivered his lecture on the Philosophical Lessons of Atomic Progress.
Exercises
Ex. 1. Read aloud the statements below and translate them into Russian paying special attention to the parts in italics.
1. Bohr is one of the most ingenious interpreters of his generation of the problems of modern theoretical physics. 2. He did physics at the University of Copenhagen, obtaining his doctor's degree in 1911. 3. He proceeded immediately to Cambridge for further studies under Thomson. 4. In 1912 he moved to Manchester University where he was associated with Rutherford in the latter's atomic research. 5. In 1914, following a year as lecturer at the University of Copenhagen, Bohr returned to Manchester. 6. In 1920, largely due to Bohr's efforts, the Institute of Theoretical Physics was established at Copenhagen. 7. Bohr became its first head and under him the Institute has become a world famous centre of research. 8. Bohr took a leading part in the atomic bomb project, working mainly at the laboratory established in early 1943. 9. In 1944-1945 Bohr served as adviser to the scientific staff of the Manhattan project. 10. In 1945 Bohr returned to Copenhagen to resume his duties as director of the Institute. 11. Bohr's great achievement was recognized internationally by the Nobel prize award to him. 12. In 1957 he was the first recipient of the Atoms for Peace Award. 13. That same year he delivered his lecture on the Philosophical Lessons of Atomic Progress.
Ex. 2. Answer the following questions using words and expressions from the text for those in italics.
Model:
1. Where did Bohr study physics?
2. He did physics at the University of Copenhagen.
1. When did Bohr graduate, from the University? 2. Where did he go in 1912? 3. What idea did he put forward just before World War II? 4. Did he advance this idea alone or working together with Wheeler? 5. Did he participate in atomic research? 6. When did he come back to Copenhagen? 7. When did Bohr's contribution win him international recognition? 8. Was he the first to receive the Atoms for peace award? 9. When did he give his lecture on the Philosophical Lessons of Atomic Progress?
Ex. 3. Ask and answer questions about outstanding people in different fields of human activity. Use the indefinite article before nouns denoting profession. Here is the list of nouns and adjectives for you to choose from: architect, artist, composer, inventor, playwright, philosopher, poet, writer, scientist, archaeologist, astronomer, biologist, biochemist, botanist, chemist, historian, mathematician, philologist, physiologist, physicist; famous, world-famous, well-known, world-known, eminent, outstanding, prominent, distinguished, etc.
Model:
a) 1. Was Dalton a scientist?
2. Yes, he was a distinguished scientist.
b) 1. Was Hopkins a writer?
2. No, he wasn't. He was an outstanding biochemist.
Speak in the same way about Aristotle, Beethhoven, Byron, Darwin, Dickens, Edison, Einstein, Faraday, Rossi, Levitan, Lobachevski, Mendeleyev, Newton, Pavlov, Rembrandt, Rutherford, B. Shaw, J. Grimm, Schlieman, Tchaikovski, Tolstoy and others.
Ex. 4. Agree with the following statements. Use: theoretical (experimental) physicist, postgraduate student, first (second, etc.) year student, researcher, lecturer etc.
Model:
1. As far as I know, Petrov is in his third fear at the University.
2. Yes, you're right (that's right; exactly). He is a third year student.
1. It seems that your friend is in his second year at the University. 2. I've been told that your brother does experimental research in biology. 3. If I'm not mistaken, Popov did postgraduate research at your Institute. 4. To my mind, Dr. Brown is distinguished for his scientific research in theoretical physics. 5. For all I know, Dr. Ivanov gives lectures at the Polytechnical Institute. 6. I have recently learned that Peter is in his second year at the lnstitute of Electrical Engineering. 7. As far as I know, Dr. Somov does research in organic chemistry.
Ex. 5. Answer the following questions. Use the nouns: author, inventor, discoverer, founder.
Model:
1. Did Dickens write many books?
2. Yes, he is the author of many books.
1. Did Columbus discover America? 2. Did Popov invent radio? 3. Did Leo Tolstoy write many novels? 4. Did Lomonosov found Moscow University?
Ex. 6. Insert the definite or the indefinite article and read the sentences aloud.
1. Milton was . . . famous English poet. He was . . . author of "Paradise Lost". 2. My scientific adviser is . . . distinguished scientist. He is . . . author of a great number of papers and monographs. 3. Marie Curie was . . . world-famous physicist. 4. Do you happen to know who was . . . author of modern quantum mechanics? 5. Newton is known as . . . discoverer of the Laws of Motion. 6. Thomas Hunt Morgan is . . . author of many books. 7. Columbus was . . . great explorer. He is . . . discoverer of America. 8. Popov is . . . inventor of radio. 9. Edison is well-known as . . . inventor.
Ex. 7. Confirm the following statements. Use: be famous for, be distinguished for, be known for.
Model:
1. Bohr made a distinguished contribution to science.
2. Yes, he did (that's right; you're right; exactly). He is distinguished for his contribution to science.
1. Feyman gave a well-known course of lectures. 2. Mendeleyev discovered the Law of Periodicity. 3. Dickens wrote many world-famous novels. 4. Columbus discovered America. 5. Rutherford did distinguished. research. Б. Copernicus developed his famous hypothesis.
Ex. 8. Answer the following questions.
Model:
1. Guttenberg was the inventor of printing, wasn't he?
2. Yes (you're right; that's right; exactly, etc.), he is famous as the inventor (for having invented) printing.
1. Stratford-on-Avon is Shakespeare's. birthplace, isn't it? 2. Is Shroedinger the creator of wave mechanics? 3. Academician Ioffe founded the Soviet school of semiconductor physics, didn't he? 4. Is Novosibirsk a well-known scientific centre? 5. Your native town has very beautiful architecture, hasn't it? 6. Did academician Pavlov advance the theory of conditioned reflexes?
Ex. 9. Translate into English.
1. Мария Кюри известна тем, что она открыла радий. 2. Фарадей знаменит тем, что он сформулировал (formulate) закон электромагнитной индукции (electromagnetic induction). 3. Эдисон известен как изобретатель фонографа (phonograph). 4. Наш город знаменит своей архитектурой. 4. Гагарин прославился как первый космонавт (cosmonaut).
Ex. 10. Use the words and expressions in italics to compose a talk about a researcher in your field: be born; obtain (get) one's degree; work in collaboration with . . . (be associated with . . . ); advance the idea of . . . ; be the author of . . . ; recognize one's achievement; take a leading part in . . . , ete.
Ex. 11. React to the following statements or answer the questions. Use the verbs obtain or receive. Note that obtain means getting something through efforts (obtain data, evidence, information, knowledge, results). Receive means getting what is offered, given, sent (receive an award, a prize, a letter, a telegram, an invitation, news, education, training). However one can say obtain or receive a science degree.
Model:
1. You obtained some new data, didn't you?
2. Yes, I'm glad to tell you that I obtained very interesting data.
1. I hear your scientific adviser has obtained some original experimental results. 27 When did you obtain your degree? 3. As far as I know Petrov has received an invitation to join our lab. 4. I understand that you received your education at Moscow University. 5. Did your scientific adviser receive the Lenin prize? 6. Have you obtained all the necessary experimental data? 7. Do you think the results you obtained will help you to make final conclusions? 8. Have you received any news from your collaborators who are now on an expedition to the North?
Ex. 12. Translate into English using the verbs get, obtain, receive.
1. Он не получил никакого образования. 2. Она получит премию. 3. Они получили цепные данные. 4. Я думаю, он получит степень доктора. 5. Полученные ими данные достоверны (quite reliable). 6. Когда вы получили эти данные? 7. Мы получили приглашение посетить эту интересную выставку. 8. Она получила ученую степень два года назад.
Ex. 13. Agree to the statements below and supply some additional information. Use introductory phrases: I quite (fully) agree with you; you're right; that's right; indeed; exactly; quite so; I am of the same opinion; I think so; I believe so, etc.
Model:
1. As far as I know, Niels Bohr was a Danish physicist.
2. You are quite right. He was an outstanding physicist, one of the most ingenious interpreters of modern physics.
1. If I'm not mistaken, Bohr left Copenhagen for Manchester in 1914. 2. As far as I could gather from the text, Bohr took an active part in establishing the Institute of Theoretical Physics. 3. I believe Bohr advanced a lot of concepts of far-reaching consequence. 4. For all I know, Bohr did not stay in Denmark after the Nazis occupied the country. 5. To my mind Bohr's great achievement was generally recognized, wasn't it? 6. In my opinion Bohr was a distinguished scientist. 7. I heard that Bohr was not only a famous physicist, he was an outstanding philosopher as well. 8, As far as I remember, Bohr gave lectures at the University of Copenhagen. 9. I believe, that Bohr worked not only in Denmark but in the United States as well.
Ex. 14. Answer the following questions using the words in brackets. Begin your answers with such introductory phrases as: as far as I know; as far as I remember; to my mind; certainly; it's hard to tell; probably; to tell the truth; of course; if I am not mistaken, etc.
Model:
1. Do you work hard? (be associated with).
2. Of course, I do. I'm associated with a team of researchers and all of us work rather hard.
1. Is your friend still staying in Leningrad? (move somewhere). 2. Why was Enrico Fermi awarded the Nobel Prize? (recognize). 3. What is Newton's main contribution to science? (establish). 4. What is Mendeleyev famous for? (advance, propose). 5. Are you going to take part in the research carried on in your laboratory? (obtain new datum results). 6. What activities is your scientific adviser engaged in? (be head of; give lectures; write papers). 7. What is the main problem you're working at? (be concerned with; work under somebody). 8. Are you working at this problem alone? (in collaboration with . . . ; research team).
Ex. 15. Give appropriate Russian equivalents.
1. Родиться. 2. Он родился в 1933 году. 3. Когда вы родились? 4. Так как он родился в Англии, он хорошо знал английский язык, хотя его родным языком был датский (native tongue, mother tongue). 5. Получить образование. 6. Где вы получили образование? 7. Получив образование в Кембридже, он знал (be familiar with) систему образования в Англии (educational system). 8. Получить степень. 9. Где он получил степень доктора? 10. Занимался ли Бор под руководством Томсона? 11. Собирается ли она заниматься дальше (take up further studies)? 12. Бор работал с Резерфордом. 13. Когда она работала с вами? 14. Вы когда-нибудь работали с ними? (Use Present Perfect). 15. Где вы работали с ними? 16. Благодаря усилиям Бора. 17. Благодаря знанию физики. 18. Наш опыт был закончен вовремя (in time) благодаря совместным усилиям (joint) многих сотрудников (workers). 19. Кто был первым директором вашего института? 20. Кто организовал вашу лабораторию? 21. Выдвигать мысль (idea). 22. Мысль, выдвинутая Бором, оказалась плодотворной (fruitful). 23. Предлагать теорию. 24. Что вы предлагаете? 25. Предложенный им метод (approach) оказался полезным (helpful). 26. Вернувшись в Копенгаген, Бор вновь начал заниматься исследовательской работой. 27. Когда вы снова начнете свою работу (be going to . . . )? 28. Бор работал консультантом в научном отделе Манхэттенского проекта. 29. Огромные заслуги Бора получили признание.
Ex. 16. Answer the following questions.
1. Where were you educated? 2. Did you do further studies after graduation? 3. Did you move anywhere after graduation? 4. Have you ever given any lectures? 5. What part do you take in research carried on at your laboratory? 6. Who is head of your laboratory? 7. What is he distinguished for? 8. Is he the author of any textbooks or monographs? 9. Has he received any awards? 10. Who do you think has advanced the most fundamental ideas of modern physics (biology, physiology, astronomy, chemistry, etc.)? 11. Are you familiar with these theories? 12. What are your plans for the nearest future?
Text 2
CHARLES ROBERT DARWIN (1809-1882)
Charles Robert Darwin, English naturalist and author, was born at Shrewsbury, February 12, 1809. His father, Robert Warning Darwin, was a distinguished physician at Shrewsbury.
Charles Darwin studied at Shrewsbury School under Dr. S. Butler. After attending school Darwin spent two years at Edinburgh University in the study of medicine. In 1817 he enrolled at Cambridge University, He early devoted himself to the study of natural history. In 1831 he was appointed naturalist to a naval vessel, then about to sail on an extended surveying expedition. Darwin came home with rich stores of knowledge. He had been much impressed by the manner in which closely allied animals replace one another in proceeding southwards in South America.
In 1837 Darwin had started a notebook in which he entered facts concerning natural selection. He saw that selection was the key-stone of man's success. Various ideas as to the causes of evolution had to be abandoned.
In 1842, he wrote out his first outline on the origin of species. He corresponded with Asa Gray, the United States naturalist, and sent Gray a letter explaining his views in 1857. This letter became afterwards classical.
Charles Lyell, author of the widely discussed "Principles of Geology", urged Darwin to prepare a more extensive treatise. The revision was only half finished when Darwin received a letter and manuscript from A. R. Wallace. Wallace asked Darwin to read the manuscript and to forward it to Lyell. Darwin was much startled to find in the essay a complete abstract of his own theory of natural selection. It was an unusual situation: two naturalists, working independently of each other, had simultaneously developed theories that were identical. Both had been influenced by Th. R. Malthus' work on population, both were familiar with Lyell's views on geology, each had observed widely varying species.
Darwin sent Wallace's manuscript, together with the second draft of his own treatise, to Lyell, who consulted Josef D. Hooker, English botanist. On their recommendation both Wallace's and Darwin's essays were read as a joint paper before the Linnae Society at London. In 1859 Darwin published "The Origin of Species by Natural Selection".
Although Darwin and Wallace differed in some opinions they remained friends. Darwin was, with Wallace, the first to attempt to work out a logical explanation of the variations of species, and to collect and arrange facts upon which the theory of evolution could be based.
Because of the emphasis placed upon "The Origin of Species" and "The Descent of Man" Darwin's numerous of other important contributions are frequently overlooked.
Darwin received many honours from learned societies in Great Britain and on the continent. He died at Down, Kent, England, April 19, 1882.
Exercises
Ex. 1. Comprehensive check.
1. Who was Charles Darwin? 2. Can you tell me where he was born? 3. Who was his father? 4. Will you tell me under whom Darwin studied at Shrewsbury school? 5. How long did he attend school? 6. What did he do after leaving school? 7. He was interested in the study of natural history, wasn't he? 8. On what expedition did he go? 9. Darwin corresponded with many scientists, didn't he? 10. Why is his correspondence with Asa Gray of special interest to us? 11. Whom did Lyell consult when Darwin sent him his own treatise and the manuscript received from Wallace? 12. What did Lyell and Hooker recommend Darwin? 13. Were Darwin and Wallace of the same opinion on all the problems concerning the theory of evolution? 14. Are you familiar with Darwin's view on the descent of man? 15. What is your opinion on Darwin's main contribution to science?
Ex. 2. Answer the following questions. Note that no article is used before nouns denoting a branch of knowledge (archaeology, astronomy, biology, biochemistry, botany, chemistry, history, mathematics, mechanics, philosophy, philology, physiology, physics, etc.).
Model:
1. What examinations have you already passed?
2. I have passed my exams in history, literature, general linguistics and phonetics.
1. What examination are you going to take next spring? 2. What subjects did you like best while at school? 3. What subjects were you interested in while at the Institute (University)? 4. What course of lectures did you attend while a postgraduate? 5. In what field are you doing research?
Ex. 3. Insert the definite article where necessary and road the sentences aloud. Note that we say "He gives lectures in chemistry" but "He gives lectures on the chemistry of proteins".
1. Do you take interest in . . . science? 2. Botany is . . . science of plants. 3. Pavlov studied . . . biology at the University. 4. . . . astronomy is a branch of . . . knowledge. 5. I am sure that . . . knowledge of English will help me greatly in doing . . . research. 6. What is . . . knowledge? 7. . . . nature has always inspired poets and artists. 8. Are you familiar with . . . nature of . . . radioactivity? 9. He had to take into account . . . radioactivity of this element. 10. Rutherford determined . . . nature of alpha-particles and worked out . . . theory of radioactive disintegration of elements. 11. Mendeleyev discovered . . . Law of . . . Periodicity. 12. In his youth Dr. Nash studied . . . law. 13. My sister is fond of . . . music. 14. . . . music of Chopin is very beautiful. 15. I am not interested in . . . nuclear physics. I want to do . . . research in . . . field of . . . solid-state physics.
Ex. 4. Insert articles where necessary. Remember that we say "He works at и plant" hut "He works at the Lomonosov plant". Note that no article is used before the words school and college when they denote an educational establishment, while the word University is mostly preceded by the definite article.
1. Lomonosov managed to secure admission to . . . school by pretending to be . . . son of . . . nobleman. 2. In 1745 he returned to St. Petersburg and was appointed professor of . . . chemistry at . . . University. 3. Are you going to take post-graduate courses at . . . research institute? 4. Next month my friend is going to give . . . lecture at . . . Department of Plant Anatomy of . . . Institute of . . . Botany. 5. My younger brother goes to . . . school. He hopes to enter . . . University and study . . . physics. 6. Does your sister work as . . . secretary at . . . office or at . . . plant? 7. Dr. Ivanov is . . . secretary of . . . scientific council of . . . Department of . . . theoretical physics.
Ex. 5. Answer the following questions and give some additional information. Note that after the verbs answer, attend, consult, enjoy, enter, join, leave no preposition is needed.
Model:
1. Can you answer all my questions?
2. Sorry, I can't. I'll try to answer one question, if you please.
1. Were you able to answer all the questions put to you? 2. Have you answered the letter you received from your friend? 3. Do you regularly attend English classes? 4. Did you attend the last seminar at your lab? 5. Are you going to attend our meeting tonight? 6. When are you going to consult your scientific adviser? 7. Do you often consult the head of your laboratory on problems concerned with your work? 8. Do you have to consult the dictionary when translating texts on your speciality? 9. Did he enjoy his stay in London? 10. Did you enjoy your holiday? 11. At what age did you enter the Institute? 12. Is your sister (brother) going to enter the University? 13. Did you join any scientific circle while at the University? 14. When did you join this laboratory? 15. When did you leave school? 16. When did you leave your native town?
Ex. 6. Answer the following questions using the verbs in italics.
Model:
1. What mark did your teacher give you in literature? (answer).
2. He gave me a five. I answered all his questions.
attend
1. What do you do to learn philosophy? 2. What did you do yesterday? I called on you but was told you were away. 3. How often are seminars held at your Institute?
consult
4. What do you do if you feel unwell? 5. What do you do if you come across an unfamiliar word in your text? 6. What do you do if you encounter difficulties when solving some problem?
enjoy
7. Did you like the film you saw yesterday? 8. Did you go to Kiev on holiday?
enter
9. How old is your sister? 10. Is that room vacant? Is there anybody there? 11. What Institute did your husband (wife) graduate from?
join
12. Do you attend the meetings of the Learned Geographical Society? 13. How long have you been working at this laboratory?
leave
14. When did you finish school? 15. Where did you live before coming to Leningrad?
Ex. 7. Translate the following sentences into English using the verbs answer, attend, consult, enjoy, follow, join, leave.
1. Преподаватель вошел в класс. 2. Он уехал из Ленинграда. 3. Кто может ответить на мой вопрос? 4. Идите вперед (You go first), а я пойду за вами. 5. На лекции присутствовало только двадцать студентов. 6. On вступил в студенческое научное общество. 7. Советовались ли вы со своим руководителем? 8. Я поступил в университет в 1976 году. 9. Когда вы закончили школу? 10. Вы следили за падением температуры?
Ex. 8. Answer the questions using the verb attend.
Model:
1. Were you present at the last lecture?
2. Yes, I attended it. It was very interesting.
1. How many people were present at the lecture on polymers? 2. Are you going to be present at the next seminar on Shakespeare? 3. Did you go to English classes last year? 4. You studied at the University, didn't you? 5. Does your son (daughter) go to school?
Ex. 9. Answer the questions using the verb visit.
Model:
1. When did he go to England?
2. He visited England last year.
1. When did you go to see your friend? 2. Did you go to Petrodvoretz last Sunday? 3. Have you called on your colleague at the hospital? 4. Have you seen the new exhibition? 5. How often do you go to the Hermitage?
Ex. 10. Insert the verbs attend or visit and read the sentences aloud.
1. All children over seven must . . . school. 2. Have you . . . this exhibition? 3. Who . . . the meeting? 4. Will you . . . your friend to-morrow? 5. Many foreign tourists . . . our country every year. 6. While in Moscow I . . . the Gallery of Russian Art. 7. Who's going to . . . the next lecture in mathematics? 8. During my stay in Prague I . . . many places of interest.
Ex. 11. Translate the following sentences into Russian using the verbs attend от visit.
1. Он не ходит на лекции. 2. Посещаете ли вы семинары по цитологии? 3. Вы были на выставке в Эрмитаже? 4. Правильно ли я вас понял (Am I to understand), что вы собираетесь посетить наш город? 5. Сколько людей посещает эти лекции? 6. Они никогда не ходят на наши семинары.
Ex. 12. Insert the verbs advise or consult. Note that you consult your manager (teacher); your manager advises something to you.
1. The problem you are studying is rather difficult. Did you . . . your scientific adviser on this point? What did he . . . you? 2. Who . . . you to use this method? 3. He had to . . . the reference book. 4. I . . . my doctor. He . . . me to go to the Black Sea shore.
Ex. 13. Translate the following sentences into Russian using he verbs in italics.
consult
1. Я должен посоветоваться с моим научным руководителем (scientific adviser, supervisor). 2. Вы должны посоветоваться с заведующим (manager, head) лаборатории. 3. Они не советовались со мной.
advise
4. Кто посоветовал вам использовать этот метод? 5. Мой руководитель советовал мне использовать другой метод (different approach). 6. Я советую вам проверить (check) ваши данные еще раз.
Ex. 14. Give a short answer to the following questions and then add some details, using the verbs consult or advise.
Model:
1. Did you consult your scientific adviser on the subject of your work?
2. Yes, of course. I always consult him when I have some difficulties. He advised me to use a different approach.
1. Do you often consult reference books? 2. Did your supervisor advise you to read your paper at the conference? 3. When do you consult the dictionary? 4. Did the doctor advise you to take your leave now? 5. Are you going to consult your scientific adviser on how to do the calculations?
Ex. 15. Read the following sentences aloud and translate them into Russian paying special attention to the parts in italics.
1. Am I to understand that your scientific adviser is on leave now? 2. I was told that he was going ore a sightseeing tour of Novgorod. 3. For all I know he is on an expedition to the North. 4. While on his trip to the Crimea he visited Chekhov's house.
Ex. 16. Answer the following questions using the expressions be on leave, be (go) on an expedition (to), be (go) on a tour (of), go on a trip (to).
1. Where is the secretary? (leave). 2. Where is your scientific adviser? (expedition to the North). 3. Where is the head of your laboratory? (tour of England). 4. When did you see Chekhov's house? (trip to the Crimea).
Ex. 17. Translate into English.
1. Он в отпуске. 2. Она поехала в экспедицию на север. 3. Правильно ли я вас понял (Am I to understand), что вы собираетесь в поездку по Англии? 4. Я не поеду завтра на экскурсию по Ленинграду. 5. Ездили ли вы в экспедицию в прошлом году? 5. Во время моей поездки в Киев я познакомился (get acquainted with) с работой их лаборатории.
Ex. 18. Read the sentences aloud and translate them into Russian.
1. I was greatly impressed by what I heard in your talk. 2. We were greatly impressed by the way he conducted his experiment. 3. The audience was greatly impressed by what the speaker said. 4. He was deeply impressed by what he had seen during his trip.
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