<< Пред. стр. 9 (из 9) След. >>
Список литературы по разделу
B
The account of
The description of
the
topic
research work
experimental
procedure
experimental
results
is
useful
elegant important praiseworthy one of the central features of the book
Ex. 16. Using the tables given above (ex. 15) make up sentences concerning the book you are going to discuss.
Model:
1. H. Mark, the author of the article, gives a detailed account of structures and properties of cellulose fibres.
2. The book presents a comprehensive description of cellulose and cellulose derivatives.
3. The account of the chemical nature of cellulose and its derivatives is one of the central features of the book.
Ex. 17. Support the statements as in the model. Use: an account is given (presented, provided). Work in pairs.
Model:
1. So far as this book is concerned, basic physical principles are explained.
2. You are absolutely right. An account is given of basic physical principles.
1.As far as this article is concerned, all the constructions are clearly explained.2.So far as this chapter is concerned, the method is described.3. So far as the introductory chapter is concerned, the author describes and discusses the recent developments in physics. 4. As far as the first chapter is concerned, the author describes the achievements and aims of space science.
Ex. 18. Ask your fellow-student the following questions Get him to give you detailed answers. Work in pairs.
1. Which part of your thesis (paper, the book you are reading) contains an introductory account of the theory? 2. Which section of your thesis (article, the book you are reading) presents a detailed account of the experimental results? 3. In whose work can you find a comprehensive and authoritative account of the problem you are interested in?
Ex. 19. Translate into English.
Model: В книге дается подробное описание метода исследования.
The book presents (gives, provides) a detailed account of the method of the investigation.
1. В третьей главе дается тщательное описание •эксперимента. 2. В первой главе содержится вводное описание вопросов теории. 3. В последней главе приводится краткое описание экспериментальных результатов. 4. В разделе "Обсуждение" дается всестороннее описание основных направлений работы. 5. В статье содержится авторитетное описание истории исследования. 6. В докладе не приводится подробного описания отдельных отраслей современной химической промышленности.
Ex. 20. Give the Russian equivalents of the sentences below. ray attention to the words in italics.
1. The second part of the article covers the subject in detail. 2. Practical details are mentioned. 3. The detailed study of this subject is useful. 4. This part is too detailed for most readers.
Ex. 21. Find out whether or not the information presented in the book is detailed. Work in pairs, speak about the books (articles, etc.) you are reading or have just read or looked through.
Model:
1. My question is: Does the article cover the subject in detail?
2. Yes. In general the author presents a detailed study of the problem (name the problem). However, it should be admitted that some (practical) details have been neglected (omitted).
1. Such as?
2. Such as . . . (experimental results, methods of preparation, calculations, experimental procedure, etc.).
Ex. 22. Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the words in italics.
1. This book will be valuable to advanced students.
2. This book will be invaluable to advanced students.
3. This book will be of value to advanced students.
Ex. 23. Try to estimate the value of the book. Work in pairs.
Model:
1. I wonder if the book you are going to discuss is of any value?
2. It certainly is. The book is (makes) a valuable contribution to . . . (physical, mathematical, biological, etc.) literature. Or: I'm afraid it will be of little value, as the book makes little contribution to . . . literature.
1. (in the case of the positive answer) To whom will it be useful?
2. I think it will be invaluable to . . . (advanced students of . . .; research workers concerned with . . .; those working in the field of . . ., all workers in the field of . . .; those approaching the subject for the first time).
1. What part is of particular value?
2. The one devoted to . . . . However, in my opinion, the part dealing with . . . is of little practical value.
1. Why?
2. Because . . . .
Ex. 24. Translate into Russian paying attention to the word background.
1. The book is addressed to the general scientific reader with engineering and mathematical background. 2. The references provide an excellent background for understanding this phenomenon. 3. The section contains background material on the basic theory. 4, The reader needs a good background knowledge of the topic. 5. The brief references to the nineteenth-century background of the chemical industry are inadequate.
Ex. 25. Translate into Russian.
1. To give (to provide) a critical review of the subject. 2. To review the subject. 3. An inclusive review of the problem. 4. A review journal. 5. The reviewed article. 6. The book under review. 7. A review chapter. 8. The reviewer.
Ex. 26. Agree with the statements as in the model. Work in pairs.
A
Model:
1. If I'm not mistaken, the book provides an excellent review of the subject.
2. You are quite right. The subject is excellently reviewed in the book.
1. If I'm not mistaken, there are critical reviews on two new areas of research. 2. I believe the volume gives a critical review of the subject. 3. To my mind, the articles provide a short review of advances made in the field. 4. I think, the book gives an excellent review of the topic. 5. If I'm not mistaken, the journal provides an excessive review of the subject.
В
Model:
1. Is it right to say that the reviewed book is an interesting and valuable source of ready information?
2. That's just what I wanted to say. The book under review is an interesting and valuable source of ready information.
1. Is it correct to say that the reviewed book is timely and will be useful to students and those working in the chemical industry? 7. Is it light to say that the reviewed book suffers from some defects? 8. Is it right that the reviewed article is authoritative and of a very high standard? 9. Is it correct to say that the reviewed article contains a summary and a section recommending further reading? 10. Is it right that the reviewed article originally appeared in the magazine "Endeavour"? 11. Is it correct that the reviewed articles represent papers given at the Agricultural University? 12. Is it right that the reviewed articles cover the theory of electronic and quantummechanical aspects of proteins?
Ex. 27. Discuss the book your fellow-student has brought to class. Follow the model. Work in pairs.
Model:
1. Speaking about the review of the subject dealt with in the book, do you think it is complete?
Use also: excellent, short, (inadequate, (in)valuable, inclusive.
2. Your question is not easy to answer. It seems to me, the review of . . . (name one of the subject) is rather too short. As for the review of . . . (another subject), it is rather inclusive (or any other adjective).
Ex. 28. Ask your fellow-student the following questions. Get him to give you detailed answers. Work in pairs.
1. Who is the reviewer of the above article? 2. What is the work the reviewer does? 3. Have you ever acted as a reviewer? 4. What sort of journals are called "review journals"? 5. What review journals do you know? 6. What sort of chapters (articles) are called "review chapters (articles)"? 7. Do you have to write a review chapter for your thesis? 8. What adjectives can be used with the noun "review"?
Ex. 29. Explain the meaning of represent and present-
Model:
1. Phonetic signs represent sounds. Phonetic signs symbolize (correspond, stand for) sounds.
2. The essay presents the author's ideas. The essay brings forward (shows, exhibits, reveals) the author's ideas.
1. The articles represent work done in Japan. 2. The book is well presented, with useful bibliography to each chapter. 3. The articles represent the papers given in Oxford University. 4. These articles present reliable data. 5. Fertilizer manufacture represents one of the largest branches of the chemical industry.
Ex. 30. Agree with the statement as in the model. Use present or represent instead of the words given in italics.
Model:
1. The author emphasizes the advantages afforded by enzymes, doesn't he?
2. Yes, indeed. That is just what I wanted to stress. The author emphasizes the advantages presented by enzymes.
1. The second chapter deals with methods explaining the chemical composition of various compounds, doesn't it? 2. The work gives valuable results, doesn't it? 3. The volumes contain articles which describe work done in this field.
Ex. 31. Translate into English.
1. Эта статья представляет интересные данные. 2. Эта статья представляет собой интересную трактовку данной проблемы. 3. Эта книга представляет интересный обзор данной темы. 4. Эта книга представляет собой ценный вклад в науку. 5. Этот журнал представляет ряд статей на данную тему. 6. Этот том представляет собой сборник статей на данную тему.
Ex. 32. Talking about a publication containing some defects, start a statement with It is very unfortunate that . Use the prompts.
Prompt: Far too many names have been misspelt.
Example: It is very unfortunate that far too many names have been misspelt.
Prompts: There are some minor mistakes of facts.
The brief references are also inadequate.
The review of man-made fibres is rather too short.
Proof-reading was done carelessly. Some important facts were omitted. The volume is already out-of-date.
The method of the investigation is not presented.
The lecture is a short one.
Ex. 33. Talking about a publication, respond to the statement. Use It is fortunate; Fortunately; or It is unfortunate; Unfortunately.
Model: Prompt: Much of the material is already out-of-date.
Response: It is unfortunate that much of the material is already out-of-date.
Prompt: The papers were promptly published.
Response: Fortunately, the papers were promptly published.
1. Much of the material presented is extremely up-to-date. 2. There are some mistakes of fact. 3. Reference has been made up to this year. 4. Proof-reading has been done without due care. 5. Much attention is given to describing the methods of the investigation..
6. The reader is introduced to the old-time procedure. 7. The introductory part is much too short. 8. Some names are misspelt. 9. The author succeeded in providing a large amount of useful information. 10. The illustrations are well chosen and excellently reproduced.
Ex. 34. Talking about a publication which contains some defects, respond to the statement as in the model. Work in pairs.
Model:
1. You say that there are some drawbacks in the book.
2. Yes. I think, however, that in spite of these drawbacks the book is timely and useful to . . . (those working in the field of . . .;professional scientists in the field of . . .; students of . . .).
1. Why?
2. Because in spite of these shortcomings the book provides a large amount of useful information on . . . .
1. Can you quote some of the minor defects?
2. Yes. One of the defects is . . . (careless proof-reading). See page . . . . Or: I'm afraid [I can't do it at the moment. It'll take much time to look through the book.
Ex. 35. Disagree to the statements below using some of the introductory phrases: I am afraid you arc wrong; I am afraid you are mistaken; just the reverse; on the contrary.
Model:
1. As far as I could gather from the text, the book has no defects.
2. I am afraid you are wrong, the book suffers from a number of defects. Or: I am afraid you are mistaken, there are a lot of drawbacks in the book. Or: Just the reverse, there are many shortcomings in the book.
1. As far as I could gather from the review, proofreading was done with due care. 2. Judging by the review, there are no mistakes of fact. 3. As far as the review goes, the numerous references are always adequate. 4. According to the reviewer, there is a detailed information about nylon. 5. As far as I could get from the review, the book is not timely.
Ex. 36. Look through Text 2 (pags 132-133) once again and answer the following questions.
1. What is the title of the reviewed book? 2. Who are the authors of the book under review? 3. What is the name of the reviewer? 4.^When and where was the book published? 5. How much does it cost? 6. In what volume and number of what journal was the review published? 7. Who will the book prove useful to, according to the reviewer? 8. What defects does it suffer from? 9. Are the authors to blame for careless proof-reading? Who are to blame for" this? 10. What has been the result of careless proof-reading? 11. Give some examples of minor mistakes of fact. 12,'What mistakes can be considered as more serious ones? 13. Which chapter is to be considered especially useful? What is its subject? 14. Why else is the book to be considered an interesting and valuable source of ready information?
Ex. 37. Speak about a book (an article) you have recently read. Use the following questions as a guide for your talk.
1. What book have you recently read? 2. Who is the author of the book? 3. Who edited the book? 4. Where and when. was it published? 5. Is this its first edition? What edition is if? 6. What does the subject of investigation include? 7. What do different chapters "(or articles) deal with? 8. How many chapters (articles) does the book consist of? 9. What is given much (little) attention to? 10. Are there any drawbacks in the book? What are they, if there are any? 11. How is the material illustrated? 12. What can you say about the style of the book? 13. Who is the book addressed to? 14. What is of particular interest in it? 15. What does the book begin (end) with? 16. What is the purpose of the book? 17. Who do you think this Kook will be useful to?
Ex. 38. Speak about your own publications. Use the following questions as a guide for your talk.
1. What is the subject of your thesis? 2. Have you already published any articles? 3. Where and when did you publish them? 4. What are the titles of your published papers? 5. What problems do you deal with in those papers? 6. What are you going to prove in the course of your research? 7. Is there much or little material published on the subject of your investigation? 8. Who are your published papers addressed to? 9. What do you give much (little) attention to in your published papers? 10. What is of particular interest in your papers? 11. What have you succeeded in showing? 12. What did you fail to show? 13. How many parts does your paper consist of? 14. Are there any shortcomings in your paper, do you think? What are they? 15 How did you begin (finish) your paper? 16. What is the purpose of your paper? 17. What do you treat in your introductory part? 18. What do you say in conclusion?
SUPPLEMENT
Vocabulary
(to be used in discussing a scientific publication)
1. The book (volume, handbook, text-book, article, essay) to be discussed is . . . The discussed book (volume, etc.) is . . .
2. The articles represent papers (reports) given at the conference.
3. The author (editor, publisher) of the book is . . . The contributor of the journal (magazine) is . . .
4. The book was published (edited) in 19. . .The article originally appeared in (the Soviet Union; in Russian, in a journal).
5. The author is a well-known (distinguished, outstanding) scientist in the field of . . . The author is a Nobel prize winner (State prize winner, Lenin prize winner).
6. The title (name) of the book is . . . The heading of the chapter (section, part) is . . . The headline (title, name, heading) of the newspaper article is . . .
7. The book consists of . . . (10) chapters (sections, parts, articles, contributions). The book contains (includes, falls into) . . . (3) parts.
8. The book contains a summary (a treatment of . . ., a list of references, a large amount of useful information).
9. The book is addressed to scientific workers (professional scientists, interested laymen, undergraduates, post-graduates, those working in the field of . . ., those studying the problems of . . ., those familiar with the field of . . ., those approaching the problems of . . .). The book is written for researchers.
10. Reference is made to workers (works) in
11. The subject of the book is . . . (includes . . ., is reviewed, is covered).The topic (theme) of the book is . . . The topic of the research (investigation, thesis) is . . .
12. The subject matter of the book relates to (includes, is devoted to) . . . The subject matter of the book falls into two parts.
13. The book (the author) discusses (deals with, is concerned with, covers, considers, gives consideration to, describes, gives an accurate description of, outlines, emphasizes, places emphasis on) the problem of . . .
14. The book provides the reader with some data on . . . (some material on . . ., some information on . . ., an introduction to . . ., a discussion of . . ., a treatment of . . ., a study of . . ., a summary of . . ., some details on . . ., a useful bibliography, a list (set) of references, key references).
15. A careful account is given of . . . A detailed description is given of I the theory (problem, A thorough description is given of | method)' of. . . Much attention is given to . . . Little attention is given to . . .
16. Of: particular (special, great, little) interest is the method of . . . Of particular interest is the theory (discussion, treatment) of . . .
17. Of great (little) importance is the method of ..
18. It is notable (noteworthy, praiseworthy, fortunate, unfortunate, a mistake, a slight disappointment, to the author's credit) that . . ,
19. The author has succeeded in showing (providing, presenting) the results of . . .
20. The author faile'1 to show (to exhibit, to provide, to present, to give an account of, to direct our attention to . . .
21. The author (editor, publisher, proof-reader is to blame for the drawbacks in the book. The book suffers from some mistakes (errors, limitations, shortcoming,?, careless proof-reading).
22. In spite of these drawbacks the book is а useful reference work (a valuable source 0} ready information). In spite of these drawbacks the book was useful to (helpful to)
23. The book begins with а discussion of (chapter on, introduction to, introductory discussion of . . . The book begins with introductory notes (remarks).
24. The book ends with a discussion of . . .
25. In concision (in summary, summarizing) the author...
26. The purpose (aim, object) of the book is to provide . . .
27. The book aims to provide (acquaint, present, -,how) . . .
28. The book is profusely (poorly) illustrated with diagrams (tables, colour plates, photographs, sketches).
29. The author (editor) is to be congratulated on the success of the book (the timeliness of the book, producing this book).
CONTENTS
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ 1
BIOGRAPHY OF A SCIENTIST 2
Text I NIELS BOHR (1885-1962) 2
Exercises 2
Text 2 CHARLES ROBERT DARWIN (1809-1882) 8
Exercises 9
Text 3 THOMAS HUNT MORGAN (1866-1945) 17
Exercises 18
Text 4 FREDERIC HOPKINS 24
Exercises 25
SUPLEMENT 30
SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION 32
Text 1 CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON 32
Exercises 33
Text 2 LABORATORY FOR THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT 39
Exercises 40
Text 3 IMPERIAL COLLEGE, LONDON 46
Exercises 47
SCIENTIFIC GATHERING 57
Text 1 TWELFTH INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL CONGRESS 57
Exercises 57
Text 2 CHEMICAL WARFARE ON PLANT PESTS AND DISEASES 62
Exercises 63
Text 3 FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF BIOCHEMISTRY 68
Exercises 69
DISCUSSING CURRENT PROFESSIONAL LITERATURE 86
Text 1 MODERN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 86
Exercises 86
Text 2 A HISTORY OF THE MODERN BRITISH CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 99
Exercises 99
SUPPLEMENT 110
??
??
??
??
1
<< Пред. стр. 9 (из 9) След. >>
Список литературы по разделу