Нэйтивизм в общественно-политической жизни США на исходе XIX столетия

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[59] The Cyclopedia of Fraternities. P. 213, 292, 309, 310 ff.

[60] Kinzer. Op.Cit., P.56-57.

[61] Ibidem.

[62] Принятое в американской литературе название представителей элиты из Новой Англии.

[63] Jaher F.C. The Boston Brahmins in the Age of Industrial Capitalism. P. 197.

[64] To F.S. Simpson, August 15, 1880 // Barrett Wendell and His Letters. P. 47.

[65] Цит. по: Jaher F.C. The Boston Brahmins in the Age of Industrial Capitalism. P. 199.

[66] Ibidem.

[67] Jaher F.C. The Boston Brahmins in the Age of Industrial Capitalism. P. 200; Norton to L. Stephen, January 8, 1896 // Letters of Charles Eliot Norton. Vol. II. P. 236-37; To E.L. Godkin, July 21, 1900 // Ibid., II. P. 293-294.

[68] Jaher F.C. The Boston Brahmins in the Age of Industrial Capitalism. P. 203.

[69] Jaher F.C. The Boston Brahmins in the Age of Industrial Capitalism. P. 206.

[70] To R. Grant, September 29, 1886 // Barrett Wendell and His Letters. P. 66.

[71] To R. Tompson, December 17, 1893 // Barrett Wendell and His Letters. P. 108-109.

[72] To R. Tompson, February 3, 1893 // Barrett Wendell and His Letters. P. 107-108.

[73] Kelly R. The Cultural Pattern of American Politics: The First Century. N.Y., 1979. P. 266, 269, 270; Solomon B. M. The Intellectual Background of the Immigration Restriction Movement in New England // New England Quarterly. V. 25 (1952). P. 47-59. См. стр. 57-58.

[74] Цит. по: Strout C. The American Image of the Old World. N.Y., 1963. P. 141, 144-146.

[75] Цит. по: Ibid. P. 145.

[76] To Sir R. White-Thompson, April 4, 1898 // Barrett Wendell and His Letters. P. 120.

[77] To Sir R. White-Thompson, September 12, 1898 // Barrett Wendell and His Letters. P. 122.

[78] Higham J. Origins of Immigration Restriction, 1882-1897: A Social Analysis // Mississippi Valley Historical Review. V. 39 (1952). P. 84.

[79] Gossett T. S. Race: The History of an Idea in America. Dallas, 1963. P.58-60.

[80] Ibid. P.60-81.

[81] Squire S. An Enquiry into the Foundation of the English Constitution; or, An Historical Essay upon the Anglo-Saxon Government both in Germany and England. London, 1745; Turner S. The History of the Anglo-Saxons, from Their First Appearance above the Elbe, to the Death of Egbert. London, 1799; Palgrave F. The Rise and Progress of English Commonwealth, 2 vols. London, 1832; Kemble J. M. The Saxons in England. London, 1849.

[82] Bancroft G. The History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent. Boston, 1860.

[83] Motley J. L, The Rise of the Dutch Republic, A History. N.Y., 1855; William Hickling Prescott: Representative Selections with Introduction, Bibliography, and Notes. N.Y., 1943; Lieber F. On Civil Liberty and Government Philadelphia, 1859; Francis Parkman: Representative Selections, ed. William L. Schramm. N.Y., 1938.

[84] Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.101-102.

[85] Ibid. P. 105.

[86] Adams H. B. The Germanic Origin of New England Towns // John Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science. V. 1 (1883) Section 2. P. 5-38.

[87] Burgess J. Political Science and Comparative Constitutional Law, 2 vols. Boston, 1890. V.1. P.33, 37-38. Хорошим свидетельством его расистских воззрений является речь в Кельне 1906 г., см. Burgess J. W. Reminiscences of an American Scholar. N.Y., 1966. P. 381-400.

[88] Dyer T. G. Theodore Roosevelt and the Idea of Race. Baton Rouge, 1980. P.19, 168.

[89] Ibid. P. 14.

[90] Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.115-117

[91] Анализ взглядов известных историков на эту тему см. в: Saveth E. N., American Historians and European Immigrants, 1875-1925. N.Y., 1965.

[92] Цит. по: Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P. 95.

[93] Dyer T. Theodore Roosevelt and the Idea of Race. P. 23.

[94] Dyer T. Theodore Roosevelt and the Idea of Race. P. 29.

[95] Commons J. R. Races and Immigrants in America. N.Y., 1907. P. 12.

[96] Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P. 145.

[97] Об этом он пишет в: Spencer H. The Man Versus the State. N.Y., 1884.

[98] Цит по: Youmans E. L., ed., Herbert Spencer on the Americans, and the Americans on Herbert Spencer. N.Y., 1883. P.19-20.

[99] Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.152; Spencer H, Principles of Sociology. N.Y., 1890-96. V.2, part 3. P.584-85; Life and Letters of Herbert Spencer, ed. David Duncan. N.Y., 1908. V. 1. P.380-81. V.2. P. 121, 135-36, 190.

[100] Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.153.

[101] Ibid. P.154.

[102] Sumner W. G. The Challenge of Facts and Other Essays. N.Y., 1914. P.302‑3.

[103] Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.154.

[104] Galton F. Inquiries Into Human Faculty and Its Development. 2nd ed. London, 1951. Introduction.

[105] Galton F. Hereditary Genuis: An Inquiry Into its Laws and Consequencies. 3d ed. London, 1914. P. 413.

[106] Himmelfarb G, Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, 2nd edition. N.Y., 1962. P.402.

[107] Galton F. Hereditary Genuis: An Inquiry Into its Laws and Consequencies. P. 392.

[108] Ibid. P. 398, 413.

[109] См., например: Bell A. G. How to Improve the Race.// Journal of Heredity. V 5 (January 1914).

[110] Цит. по: Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.159.

[111] Об их взглядах см.: Gossett T. Race: The History of an Idea in America. P.160 ff.

[112] Барбара Соломон заметила, что в 1850-х годах бостонцы не поддерживали «ннезнаек», в то время как последние не предлагали ограничить иммиграцию. Solomon B. M. The Intellectual Background of the Immigration Restriction Movement in New England. P. 48.

[113] Heald M. Business Attitudes Toward European Immigration, 1880–1900 // Journal of Economic History. V. 13, 1953. P.291-304.

[114] Ibid. P. 303.

[115] Boston Clothing Trade Advisory Board. Some Facts of Interest to Boston Clothing Merchants. Boston, 1889 // Immigration Restriction League. Newspapers Clippings, Collected by the Immigration Restriction League Related to Immigration. MD, HL, HU. Исследование представителей бостонских представителей отрасли посвящено «потогонным» мастерским Нью-Йорка. Цифры, подтверждающие уменьшение отрасли более чем в два раза и ее уход на второй план см. в: United States. Twelfth Census. 1900. Manufacture. Part 1. Wash., 1901. P. cclxxxv-vi, Table XVII; P. ccxxxviii-iv, Table XVIII

[116] Hourwich I. A. Immigration and Labor: The Economic Aspects of European Immigration to the United States. N.Y., 1912. P. 102: “…the demand for labor determines the character, as well as the volume, of immigration.”

[117] Higham J. Strangers in the Land. P. 70.

[118] Купер Д. М. Второй “золотой век” американской политики // Исторический образ Америки. М., 1994. С. 191.

[119] Саломатин А. Ю. Социально-политическая стагнация или эволюция? “Позолоченный век” в США // Исторический образ Америки. С. 238-241.

[120] Benson L. Turner and Beard: American Historical Writing Reconsidered. N.Y., 1966. P. 74-75.

[121] Various Facts and Opinions Concerning the Necessity of Restricting Immigration // Immigration Restriction League. Publications of Immigration Restriction League. Boston, 1894-1903. Publication #1. Boston, 1894. MD, BPL. P. 1.

[122] Boyesen H. H. Dangers of Unrestricted Immigration // Forum. V. 3 (July 1887). P. 534-535; Ford W. C. Regulating Immigration // Epoche. V.1 (April 15, 1887). P. 229-230; Mayo-Smith R. Control of Immigration // Political Science Quarterly. V. 3 (March, June, September 1888). P. 46-77, 197-225, 406-424.

[123] Herbst J. Editor’s Introduction // Strong J. Our Country, Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, reprint of the rev. ed. of 1891. Cambridge (Mass.), 1963. (Далее—Strong J. Our Country.)

[124] Holmes J. H. Strong Josiah // Dictionary of American Biography. V. 18. N.Y., 1936. P. 150.

[125] Strong J. Our Country. P.52-53.